");vwo_$('head').append(_vwo_sel);return vwo_$('head')[0] && vwo_$('head')[0].lastChild;})("HEAD")}}, C_940895_61_1_2_0:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x); /*vwo_debug log("editElement","#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$("#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")).html("1. How frequently do you listen to Minnesota Public Radio?");})("#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")}}, R_940895_61_1_2_0:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) { if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){ return; }; var el,ctx=vwo_$(x); /*vwo_debug log("Revert","editElement","#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$("#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")).vwoRevertHtml();})("#tfa_75-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")}}, C_940895_61_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x); /*vwo_debug log("editElement","#tfa_87-L > b:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$("#tfa_87-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")).html("2. Which MPR programs or segments do you listen to most often?");})("#tfa_87-L > b:nth-of-type(1)")}}},rules:[{"triggers":["12454059"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"g":6,"c":39}]},"metricId":0}]},{"triggers":["12639747"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":16}]},"metricId":0}]},{"triggers":["8536409"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":48}]},"metricId":959027},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":39}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":61}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":62}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":63}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":64}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":54}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":55}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":59}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":16}]},"metricId":959027,"id":"metric"}]},{"triggers":["12454062"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"g":7,"c":39}]},"metricId":0}]},{"triggers":["8459768"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":48}]},"metricId":951905},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":39}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":61}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":62}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":63}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":64}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":54}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":55}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":59}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":16}]},"metricId":951905,"id":"metric"}]},{"triggers":["12629112"],"tags":[{"id":"runCampaign","priority":4,"data":"campaigns.59"}]},{"triggers":["8536415"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":48}]},"metricId":959033},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":39}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":61}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":62}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":63}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":64}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":54}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":55}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":59}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":16}]},"metricId":959033,"id":"metric"}]},{"triggers":["10589191"],"tags":[{"id":"runCampaign","priority":4,"data":"campaigns.48"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.61","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.62","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.63","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.64","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.54","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.55","id":"runCampaign"},{"priority":4,"data":"campaigns.16","id":"runCampaign"}]},{"triggers":["12454056"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":39}]},"metricId":0}]},{"triggers":["8639604"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":48}]},"metricId":951908},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":61}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":62}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":63}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":64}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":54}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":5,"c":55}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":59}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":6,"c":16}]},"metricId":951908,"id":"metric"}]},{"triggers":["8536412"],"tags":[{"id":"metric","data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":48}]},"metricId":959030},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":39}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":61}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":62}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":63}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":64}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":2,"c":54}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":3,"c":55}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":59}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"},{"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"g":4,"c":16}]},"metricId":959030,"id":"metric"}]},{"triggers":["12454053"],"tags":[{"id":"runCampaign","priority":4,"data":"campaigns.39"}]},{"triggers":["5"],"tags":[{"id":"checkEnvironment"}]},{"triggers":["8"],"tags":[{"priority":3,"id":"prePostMutation"},{"priority":2,"id":"groupCampaigns"}]},{"triggers":["9"],"tags":[{"priority":2,"id":"visibilityService"}]},{"triggers":["2"],"tags":[{"id":"runTestCampaign"}]},{"triggers":["75"],"tags":[{"id":"urlChange"}]}],pages:{"pc":[{"141375":{"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?mprnews\\.org\\\/story.*"],["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?mprnews\\.org\\\/episode.*"]]}}],"ec":[{"1625289":{"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i).*"]]}},{"2121531":{"inc":["o",["pg","eq","141375"]]}}]},pagesEval:{"pc":[141375],"ec":[1625289,2121531]},stags:{}}})(); ;;var commonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={valuesGetter:function(){return{}},valuesSetter:function(){},verifyData:function(){return{}}}}const getVisitorUuid=function(){if(window._vwo_acc_id>=1037725){return window.VWO&&window.VWO.get("visitor.id")}else{return window.VWO._&&window.VWO._.cookies&&window.VWO._.cookies.get("_vwo_uuid")}};var pollInterval=100;var timeout=6e4;return function(){var accountIntegrationSettings={};var _interval=null;function waitForAnalyticsVariables(){try{accountIntegrationSettings=argument.valuesGetter();accountIntegrationSettings.visitorUuid=getVisitorUuid()}catch(error){accountIntegrationSettings=undefined}if(accountIntegrationSettings&&argument.verifyData(accountIntegrationSettings)){argument.valuesSetter(accountIntegrationSettings);return 1}return 0}var currentTime=0;_interval=setInterval((function(){currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var result=waitForAnalyticsVariables();if(result||performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout){clearInterval(_interval)}}),pollInterval)}}; var pushBasedCommonWrapper=function(argument){var firedCamp={};if(!argument){argument={integrationName:"",getExperimentList:function(){},accountSettings:function(){},pushData:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];const getVisitorUuid=function(){if(window._vwo_acc_id>=1037725){return window.VWO&&window.VWO.get("visitor.id")}else{return window.VWO._&&window.VWO._.cookies&&window.VWO._.cookies.get("_vwo_uuid")}};var sendDebugLogsOld=function(expId,variationId,errorType,user_type,data){try{var errorPayload={f:argument["integrationName"]||"",a:window._vwo_acc_id,url:window.location.href,exp:expId,v:variationId,vwo_uuid:getVisitorUuid(),user_type:user_type};if(errorType=="initIntegrationCallback"){errorPayload["log_type"]="initIntegrationCallback";errorPayload["data"]=JSON.stringify(data||"")}else if(errorType=="timeout"){errorPayload["timeout"]=true}if(window.VWO._.customError){window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug",url:window.location.href,lineno:"",colno:"",source:JSON.stringify(errorPayload)})}}catch(e){window.VWO._.customError&&window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug failed",url:"",lineno:"",colno:"",source:""})}};var sendDebugLogs=function(expId,variationId,errorType,user_type){var eventName="vwo_debugLogs";var eventPayload={};try{eventPayload={intName:argument["integrationName"]||"",varId:variationId,expId:expId,type:errorType,vwo_uuid:getVisitorUuid(),user_type:user_type};if(window.VWO._.event){window.VWO._.event(eventName,eventPayload,{enableLogs:1})}}catch(e){eventPayload={msg:"integration event log failed",url:window.location.href};window.VWO._.event&&window.VWO._.event(eventName,eventPayload)}};const callbackFn=function(data){if(!data)return;var expId=data[1],variationId=data[2],repeated=data[0],singleCall=0,debug=0;var experimentList=argument.getExperimentList();var integrationName=argument["integrationName"]||"vwo";if(typeof argument.accountSettings==="function"){var accountSettings=argument.accountSettings();if(accountSettings){singleCall=accountSettings["singleCall"];debug=accountSettings["debug"]}}if(debug){sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intCallTriggered",repeated)}if(singleCall&&(repeated==="vS"||repeated==="vSS")||firedCamp[expId]){return}window.expList=window.expList||{};var expList=window.expList[integrationName]=window.expList[integrationName]||[];if(expId&&variationId&&["VISUAL_AB","VISUAL","SPLIT_URL"].indexOf(_vwo_exp[expId].type)>-1){if(experimentList.indexOf(+expId)!==-1){firedCamp[expId]=variationId;var visitorUuid=getVisitorUuid();var pollInterval=100;var currentTime=0;var timeout=6e4;var user_type=_vwo_exp[expId].exec?"vwo-retry":"vwo-new";var interval=setInterval((function(){if(expList.indexOf(expId)!==-1){clearInterval(interval);return}currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var toClearInterval=argument.pushData(expId,variationId,visitorUuid);if(debug&&toClearInterval){sendDebugLogsOld(expId,variationId,"",user_type);sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intDataPushed",user_type)}var isTimeout=performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout;if(isTimeout&&debug){sendDebugLogsOld(expId,variationId,"timeout",user_type);sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intTimeout",user_type)}if(toClearInterval||isTimeout){clearInterval(interval)}if(toClearInterval){window.expList[integrationName].push(expId)}}),pollInterval||100)}}};window.VWO.push(["onVariationApplied",callbackFn]);window.VWO.push(["onVariationShownSent",callbackFn])}}; var surveyDataCommonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={getCampaignList:function(){return[]},surveyStatusChange:function(){},answerSubmitted:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];function getValuesFromAnswers(answers){var values=[];for(var i=0;i=timeout;if(toClearInterval||isTimeout){clearInterval(interval)}}),pollInterval)}}window.VWO.push(["onSurveyShown",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.surveyStatusChange,"surveyShown")}]);window.VWO.push(["onSurveyCompleted",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.surveyStatusChange,"surveyCompleted")}]);window.VWO.push(["onSurveyAnswerSubmitted",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.answerSubmitted,"surveySubmitted")}])}}; (function(){var VWOOmniTemp={};window.VWOOmni=window.VWOOmni||{};for(var key in VWOOmniTemp)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(VWOOmniTemp,key)&&(window.VWOOmni[key]=VWOOmniTemp[key]);;})();(function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];var pollInterval=100;var _vis_data={};var intervalObj={};var analyticsTimerObj={};var experimentListObj={};window.VWO.push(["onVariationApplied",function(data){if(!data){return}var expId=data[1],variationId=data[2];if(expId&&variationId&&["VISUAL_AB","VISUAL","SPLIT_URL"].indexOf(window._vwo_exp[expId].type)>-1){}}])})();; ;var vD=VWO.data||{};VWO.data={content:{"fns":{"list":{"args":{"1":{}},"vn":1}}},as:"r5.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com",dacdnUrl:"https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com",accountJSInfo:{"rp":30,"noSS":false,"pc":{"a":0,"t":0},"ts":1743278105}};for(var k in vD){VWO.data[k]=vD[k]};;var gcpfb=function(a,loadFunc,status,err,success){function vwoErr() {_vwo_err({message:"Google_Cdn failing for " + a + ". Trying Fallback..",code:"cloudcdnerr",status:status});} if(a.indexOf("/cdn/")!==-1){loadFunc(a.replace("cdn/",""),err,success); vwoErr(); return true;} else if(a.indexOf("/dcdn/")!==-1&&a.indexOf("evad.js") !== -1){loadFunc(a.replace("dcdn/",""),err,success); vwoErr(); return true;}};window.VWO=window.VWO || [];window.VWO._= window.VWO._ || {};window.VWO._.gcpfb=gcpfb;;var d={cookie:document.cookie,URL:document.URL,referrer:document.referrer};var w={VWO:{_:{}},location:{href:window.location.href,search:window.location.search},_vwoCc:window._vwoCc};;window._vwo_cdn="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/";window._vwo_apm_debug_cdn="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/";window.VWO._.useCdn=true;window.vwo_eT="br";window._VWO=window._VWO||{};window._VWO.fSeg={};window._VWO.dcdnUrl="/dcdn/settings.js";window.VWO.sTs=1743195125;window._VWO._vis_nc_lib=window._vwo_cdn+"edrv/nc-027330777ece73059cc92c6141e45cb3br.js";var loadWorker=function(url){_vwo_code.load(url, { dSC: true, onloadCb: function(xhr,a){window._vwo_wt_l=true;if(xhr.status===200 ||xhr.status===304){var code="var window="+JSON.stringify(w)+",document="+JSON.stringify(d)+";window.document=document;"+xhr.responseText;var blob=new Blob([code||"throw new Error('code not found!');"],{type:"application/javascript"}),url=URL.createObjectURL(blob);window.mainThread={webWorker:new Worker(url)};window.vwoChannelFW=new MessageChannel();window.vwoChannelToW=new MessageChannel();window.mainThread.webWorker.postMessage({vwoChannelToW:vwoChannelToW.port1,vwoChannelFW:vwoChannelFW.port2},[vwoChannelToW.port1, vwoChannelFW.port2]);if(!window._vwo_mt_f)return window._vwo_wt_f=true;_vwo_code.addScript({text:window._vwo_mt_f});delete window._vwo_mt_f}else{if(gcpfb(a,loadWorker,xhr.status)){return;}_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a)}}, onerrorCb: function(a){if(gcpfb(a,loadWorker)){return;}window._vwo_wt_l=true;_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}})};loadWorker("https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/edrv/worker-1135852b6bc11a94eb64017a8d120ad8br.js");;var _vis_opt_file;var _vis_opt_lib;if(window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.previewExtraSettings!=undefined&&window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.previewExtraSettings.isSurveyPreviewMode){var surveyHash=window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.plugins.LIBINFO.SURVEY_DEBUG_EVENTS.HASH;var param1="evad.js?va=";var param2="&d=debugger_new";var param3="&sp=1&a=940895&sh="+surveyHash;_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?param1+"vanj"+param2:param1+"va_gq"+param2:param1+"edrv/va_gq-3adf809ea7b0629d1cfde6b0f4969635br.js"+param2;_vis_opt_file=_vis_opt_file+param3;_vis_opt_lib="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/dcdn/"+_vis_opt_file}else if(window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.mode!=undefined&&window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.mode=="PREVIEW"){ var path1 = 'edrv/pd_'; var path2 = window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.plugins.LIBINFO.EVAD.HASH + ".js"; ;_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?path1+"vanj"+path2:path1+"va_gq"+path2:path1+"edrv/va_gq-3adf809ea7b0629d1cfde6b0f4969635br.js"+path2;_vis_opt_lib="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/"+_vis_opt_file}else{_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?"edrv/vanj-7340efabe014aa7ac36a54293558de41br.js":"edrv/va_gq-3adf809ea7b0629d1cfde6b0f4969635br.js":"edrv/va_gq-3adf809ea7b0629d1cfde6b0f4969635br.js"}window._vwo_library_timer=setTimeout((function(){vwoCode.removeLoaderAndOverlay&&vwoCode.removeLoaderAndOverlay();vwoCode.finish()}),vwoCode.library_tolerance&&typeof vwoCode.library_tolerance()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.library_tolerance():2500),_vis_opt_lib=typeof _vis_opt_lib=="undefined"?window._vwo_cdn+_vis_opt_file:_vis_opt_lib;var loadLib=function(url){_vwo_code.load(url, { dSC: true, onloadCb:function(xhr,a){window._vwo_mt_l=true;if(xhr.status===200 || xhr.status===304){if(!window._vwo_wt_f)return window._vwo_mt_f=xhr.responseText;_vwo_code.addScript({text:xhr.responseText});delete window._vwo_wt_f;}else{if(gcpfb(a,loadLib,xhr.status)){return;}_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}}, onerrorCb: function(a){if(gcpfb(a,loadLib)){return;}window._vwo_mt_l=true;_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}})};loadLib(_vis_opt_lib);VWO.load_co=function(u,opts){return window._vwo_code.load(u,opts);};;;}}catch(e){_vwo_code.finish();_vwo_code.removeLoaderAndOverlay&&_vwo_code.removeLoaderAndOverlay();_vwo_err(e);window.VWO.caE=1}})();

Create a Free MPR

news profile

for you

Already have an account?

By submitting, you consent that you are at least 18 years of age and to receive information about MPR's or APMG entities' programs and offerings. The personally identifying information you provide will not be sold, shared, or used for purposes other than to communicate with you about MPR, APMG entities, and its sponsors. You may opt-out at any time clicking the unsubscribe link at the bottom of any email communication. View our Privacy Policy.

Welcome back

to news for you

New to MPR News?

Welcome back

to news

for you

Reset Password

Still require assistance or not sure what your User Name is?

Welcome back

to news

for you

Email Verification

A verification code has been emailed to

Still awaiting the code?

St. Paul, Minn.

June 22, 2009 8:42 AM

1979 Iran hostage Bruce Laingen reflects on current situation

Go Deeper.

Create an account or log in to save stories.

Like this?

Thanks for liking this story! We have added it to a list of your favorite stories.

Show me!

Bruce Laingen receives the U.S. flag — Bruce Laingen receives a U.S. flag from President Ronald Reagan at his homecoming ceremony in 1981. Laingen, a Minnesota native, was held prisoner during the Iran hostage crisis from Nov. 4, 1979 to Jan. 20, 1981.
Photo courtesy of Bruce Laingen

Minnesota native Ambassadpor L. Bruce Laingen was Charge D'Affaires at the US Embassy in Tehran, and taken hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981. He joined Midday to analyze the situation in Iran today.

Turn Up Your Support

MPR News helps you turn down the noise and build shared understanding. Turn up your support for this public resource and keep trusted journalism accessible to all.