Photo: #Presidential candidate Michele Bachmann gives one of her phone bank volunteers a hug and a kiss Saturday, Dec. 31, 2011 during a visit to her campaign headquarters in Urbandale, Iowa. Bachmann made a few phone calls to potential supporters and spoke to the media.

Michele Bachmann's run for the White House

Gender differences still apparent in campaigns

by Cathy Wurzer, Minnesota Public Radio
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St. Paul, Minn. — This year marks the third Iowa caucus season to include a strong female candidate. In 1999, Elizabeth Dole dropped out after the Iowa Straw Poll. Four years ago, Hilary Clinton finished third, and of course, this year Michele Bachmann is competing.

At Iowa State University in Ames, professor Dianne Bystrom has been studying how female candidates are covered during campaigns.

Bystrom says she has researched every gubernatorial and U.S. senatorial race between male and female candidates since the 1990s, and she told MPR's Cathy Wurzer that female candidates face more personal criticisms than male candidates.

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